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61.
We blend the corporate governance and the financial structure/legal system literature streams to study whether firm performance is enhanced when its governance structure embodies the demands of the host country’s financial structure and legal system. Using a sample of 1736 unique firms representing 22 countries, we find that the joint effect of a country’s financial structure and legal system does matter when explaining the relationship between performance and the overall level of corporate governance in a given country. The results also suggest that firms operating in the market/common combination countries tend to command higher market valuations than firms with a comparable level of corporate governance that operate in the bank/civil combination countries. 相似文献
62.
The Pareto distributions are becoming increasing prominent in several applied areas. In this note, a new Pareto distribution
is introduced. It takes the form of the product of two Pareto probability density functions. Various structural properties
of this distribution are derived, including its cumulative distribution function, moments, mean deviation about the mean,
mean deviation about the median, entropy, asymptotic distribution of the extreme order statistics, method of moments estimates,
maximum likelihood estimates and the Fisher information matrix. The calculations involve the use of several special functions. 相似文献
63.
Shallini S. Taneja Pawan Kumar Taneja Rajen K. Gupta 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,101(3):343-364
Owing to the growing academic and practitioner’s interest in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility, there is a need
to do a comprehensive assessment and synthesis of research activities. This article addresses this need and examines the academic
literature on Corporate Social Responsibility and Performance using a paradigmatic and methodological lens. The objective
of this article is fourfold. First, it examines the status of CSR research from its beginning especially after 1970 to year
2008 in leading academic journals and reports to assess the focus areas of research on CSR so far. Second, it analyzes the
research paradigms adopted in these research articles using the Operations Research Paradigm framework. Third, it compares
and contrasts various kinds of research articles, methodologies, and research designs used in various researches in literature.
Finally, it uncovers the implications of this study and directions for future research. 相似文献
64.
Are Donor Countries Giving More or Less Aid? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The volume of foreign aid has increased during the last four decades, albeit with interruptions in certain years. Over time, the major recipients have changed: while the share of aid to Asia has diminished since the 1980s, that destined for sub‐Saharan Africa has grown. There is some evidence that, since the late 1990s, debt relief has assumed a larger share of the increased aid flows to sub‐Saharan Africa. The share of technical cooperation—a component of aid that is viewed as being driven by donors—has risen. More recently, there has been an increased emphasis on providing budget support to recipient governments, especially in the form of debt relief. Donor harmonization, national ownership of development plans, and sound policies on the part of the recipients are crucial for the aid to be effective in reducing poverty. 相似文献
65.
In this paper, we provide a model for diffusion of products, which are available in limited quantity until a known expiration date, after which the unsold products have no value. We consider the case of a performing arts company. The model development is built on the foundation of classical product diffusion model by Bass (1969) and the psychological effect known as the scarcity principle (Cialdini, 1985). Our empirical analysis results show that the proposed model can provide significant improvement in prediction of the products characterized by the scarcity effect. 相似文献
66.
Summary The null density of the multiple correlation coefficient when sampling from a mixture of two normal populations has been derived
by Srivastava (1983). However, he does not express this density in a rather standard form. The present paper obtains the nonnull
densities of the multiple correlation coefficient and the partial correlation coefficient in a rather standard form when sampling
from a mixture of two normal populations. 相似文献
67.
The purpose of this paper is to present a closed formula to compute the moments of a general function from the knowledge of
its bivariate survival function. The result is derived by utilizing an integration by parts formula for two variables, which
is not readily available in the literature. Many of the existing results are obtained as special cases. Finally, two examples
are presented to illustrate the results. In both the examples, mixed moments as well as moments for the series system and
parallel system are obtained. The integration by parts formula in two variables, derived here, is of interest in its own right
and we hope that it will be useful in other investigations. The integration by parts formula in two variables is derived as
a special case of a general formula in n variables. 相似文献
68.
Our main objective is to set out and apply a SEEA-based methodology to reflect the true value of forest resources in India's national and state accounts. We establish that a “top-down” approach using available national databases is both feasible and desirable from a policy perspective. In this paper, we address four components of value creation in forests: timber production, carbon storage, fuelwood usage, and the harvesting of non-timber forest products. The results of our analysis suggest that prevailing measures of national income in India underestimate the contribution of forests to income. The income accounts of the Northeastern states in particular are significantly understated by these traditional (GDP/GSDP) measures. We are also able to identify some states which performed poorly in the context of our sustainability framework, reflecting natural capital losses due to degradation and deforestation. Our results highlight the need to integrate natural resource accounting into the national accounting framework in order to generate appropriate signals for sustainable forest management and for the conservation of forest resources which are widely used by the poor in India, as well as being significant stores of national wealth. 相似文献
69.
The effectiveness of government spending on education and health care in developing and transition economies 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Recent studies show that corruption is associated with higher military spending [Eur. J. Polit. Econ. 17 (2001) 794] and lower government spending on education and health care [J. Publ. Econ. 69 (1998) 263]. This suggests that policies aimed at reducing corruption may lead to changes in the composition of government outlays toward more productive spending. However, little empirical evidence has been presented to support the claim that public spending improves education and health indicators in developing and transition countries. This paper uses cross-sectional data for 50 such countries to show that increased public expenditure on education and health care is associated with improvements in both access to and attainment in schools, and reduces mortality rates for infants and children. The education regressions are robust to different specifications, but the relationship between health care spending and mortality rates is weaker. 相似文献
70.
This paper tests whether housing prices in the five segments of the South African housing market, namely large-middle, medium-middle, small-middle, luxury and affordable, exhibit non-linearity based on smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) models estimated using quarterly data from 1970:Q2 to 2009:Q3. Findings point to an overwhelming evidence of non-linearity in these five segments based on in-sample evaluation of the linear and non-linear models. We next provide further support for non-linearity by comparing one- to four-quarters-ahead out-of-sample forecasts of the non-linear time series model with those of the classical and Bayesian versions of the linear autoregressive (AR) models for each of these segments, for the out-of-sample horizon 2001:Q1 to 2009:Q3, using the in-sample period 1970:Q2 to 2000:Q4. Our results indicate that barring the one-, two and four-step(s)-ahead forecasts of the small segment, the non-linear model always outperforms the linear models. In addition, given the existence of strong causal relationship amongst the house prices of the five segments, the multivariate versions of the linear (classical and Bayesian) and STAR (MSTAR) models were also estimated. The MSTAR always outperformed the best performing univariate and multivariate linear models. Thus, our results highlight the importance of accounting for non-linearity, as well as the possible interrelationship amongst the variables under consideration, especially for forecasting. 相似文献